Hameed, Yaser Amer, and Bashar A. AL-Iraqi. “Analysis of Trends in Global Competitiveness Indicators in Arab Countries for the Period (2009-2018)”. Tikrit Journal of Administrative and Economic Sciences, vol. 18, no. 59, 1, Sept. 2022, pp. 508-35, doi:10.25130/tjaes.18.59.1.29.