Evaluating the level of accounting disclosure of carbon emissions for Iraqi banks according to PCAF and SASB standards
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Abstract
Climate change is one of the most pressing issues in our modern era, which has a significant impact, so that it has dominated many political discussions during the past thirty years, the research aims to clarify the nature of carbon accounting by reviewing a brief history of the development of carbon accounting and clarifying the role of sustainability standards in the banking sector and the greenhouse gas standard in financial institutions in directing banks to apply carbon accounting to reduce or reduce carbon emissions, and the research also aimed to identify the level of Accounting disclosure in a sample of commercial banks listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange As the checklist was relied upon to assess the reality of disclosure of the disclosed data After reviewing the financial reports and sustainability reports published by a number of commercial banks in Iraq, the research found that banks' disclosure of carbon emissions and its environmental contributions and the volume of financing and green investment helps in increasing the effectiveness of the bank's policies and strategies and rationalizing investment and financing decisions, commercial banks contribute significantly to reducing of carbon emissions and environmental pollution by reducing the volume of financing and investment in environmentally unfriendly projects and companies. The research also recommends that banks apply the global standard for reporting carbon emissions because of its importance in determining emissions financed by banks through investments or loans provided by the bank in environmentally friendly projects and raising awareness of the importance of applying carbon accounting and its role in improving the Iraqi environment, the Iraqi economy and banks by creating new opportunities for green investment, such as investing in clean energy such as generating electricity from wind and solar energy.
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